Which data format is similar to a feature class as it only stores features of the same geometry type?

The data format that is similar to a feature class in that it only stores features of the same geometry type is the Shapefile. Shapefiles are a widely used vector data format that can store point, line, or polygon geometries individually, but each shapefile is constrained to a single geometry type. This is similar to how a feature class in a GIS database operates, as it also maintains a consistent geometry type within its structure.

Shapefiles consist of multiple associated files to store geometric and attribute data, allowing for a comprehensive representation of spatial features while preserving their geometric characteristics. This organization supports efficient data storage and access for geospatial operations, aligning closely with how feature classes function in GIS environments.

Other formats listed, like AutoCad .DGN files, ArcINFO coverages, and GRID, each have their unique structures and capabilities but do not share the same strict adherence to containing only one geometry type as seen in feature classes and shapefiles.