What type of geodatabase is required for simultaneous viewing and editing of data by multiple users?

The type of geodatabase required for simultaneous viewing and editing of data by multiple users is the multiuser geodatabase. This design allows multiple users to access and edit the data concurrently without conflict. Multiuser geodatabases are typically hosted on a database management system (DBMS) such as Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle, which manages the data access and locking mechanisms needed to handle concurrent edits effectively.

In contrast, file geodatabases and personal geodatabases are designed for single-user access. A file geodatabase is meant for use by one user at a time, and while it can support multiple connections, they cannot edit the same dataset simultaneously without risking data corruption or loss. Similarly, personal geodatabases are limited to the Microsoft Access format, which also restricts simultaneous multi-user access.

Using a multiuser geodatabase is essential in environments where team collaboration and real-time data edits are necessary, making it the best solution for organizations that rely on shared GIS data for projects.