What does the process of georeferencing involve?

Georeferencing is the process of placing an image or a dataset into a known coordinate system, which allows it to align with other spatial data layers. This critical function ensures that the spatial relationships between features represented in the image or dataset can be accurately described in relation to real-world coordinates. For instance, when a scanned map or aerial photograph is georeferenced, each pixel of that image is assigned geographic coordinates so that it can be accurately overlaid on other geographic datasets in a GIS. By doing this, users can effectively analyze and integrate various sources of spatial data, enhancing their ability to make informed decisions based on accurate geographic context.

This process is essential for integrating disparate datasets that may originate from different sources or formats. It allows for consistency and accuracy in geographic analysis, enabling users to overlay layers correctly and perform spatial analyses that require precise location data.